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Implementing Financial Disclosure in Local Government: Content, Scope and Standardisation
According to Transparency International, "disclosure is to politics what financial statements are to business". How effective is the financial disclosure regime in South Africa, and what can be done to strengthen this potentially powerful tool? This policy brief is produced by the Governance and Corruption Division of the Institute for Security Studies (ISS). It is an output of a project which aims to manage and detect conflicts of interest in public life, thereby promoting transparency and accountability in South Africa.
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Need versus Greed Corruption
The paper ‘Why Pay Bribes? Collective Action and Anti-Corruption Efforts’ by Monika Bauhr & Naghmeh Nasiritousi, makes an important contribution to the literature on corruption by drawing a new distinction between different kinds of corruption: need and greed. While most existing typologies and measures of corruption focus on the scale of corruption, this paper emphasizes its character, and in particular, the basic motivations for engaging in corruption in the first place. Need corruption occurs when citizens pay a bribe for services they are legally entitled to, like health services. Greed corruption is about bribes that confer personal advantages which the citizen is not legally entitled to, such as paying an official for a government contract. The former entails extortion, as it involves an extra-legal premium on citizens’ entitlements. The latter takes the form of collusion, as a number of actors work together for their mutual benefit.
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The Effectiveness of Anti-Corruption Policy. What Has Worked, What Hasn’t, and What We Don’t Know
The conclusions of this study constitute an important contribution to a much needed discussion on the elements of a successful anti-corruption policy. Crucially, the study shows that in order to be effective, successful anti-corruption monitoring programmes have to meet two important requirements: firstly, they must be implemented by a party who seeks to reduce corruption, and secondly, they must be combined with a financial or non-financial incentive programme. In addition, the above study provides a set of concrete recommendations for improving the effectiveness of anti-corruption strategies that can be applied by both international and domestic policy makers.
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Global Right to Information Rating
The Right to Information (RTI) rating, which covers 89 countries around the world, was developed by Access Info Europe and the Centre for Law and Democracy. The central idea behind the RTI Rating is to provide RTI advocates, reformers, legislators and others with a reliable tool for assessing the overall strength of the legal framework in their country for RTI. The Rating also indicates the strengths and weaknesses of the legal framework in seven different categories, namely: Right of Access, Scope, Requesting Procedures, Exceptions and Refusals, Appeals, Sanctions and Protections, and Promotional Measures. There are a total of 61 Indicators, each with a range of possible scores which in most cases is 0-2, for a possible total of 150 points. The Indicators are drawn from a wide range of international standards on the right to information, as well as comparative study of numerous right to information laws from around the world. A standardised scoring tool, based on the Indicators, was developed to ensure that the points under each Indicator were allocated consistently across different countries. The scoring tool was then applied to each of the 89 countries with right to information laws around the world by researchers at CLD and AIE. The analysis shows vast room for improvement: two thirds of countries (64%) scored in the middle range, between 60 and 100 points out of 150. Typical weaknesses were the limited scope, over-broad exceptions regimes, shortcomings in oversight and appeals mechanisms, and lack of legal requirements to promote awareness of the public's right of access to information. Please see link for more details.
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2011 Bribe Payers Index
The Bribe Payers Index is a unique tool capturing the supply side of international bribery, specifically focussing on bribes paid by the private sector. The 2011 Bribe Payers Index is the fifth edition of the index, ranking 28 of the world’s largest economies according to the likelihood of firms from these countries to bribe when doing business abroad. It is based on the results of Transparency International’s 2011 Bribe Payers Survey. This asked 3,016 senior business executives in 30 countries around the world for their perceptions of the likelihood of companies, from countries they have business dealings with, to engage in bribery when doing business in the executive’s country. A sectoral ranking is also available which scores and ranks 19 sectors. The survey asked how often three different types of bribery were perceived to occur in each sector: firstly, bribery of low-ranking public officials; secondly, improper contributions to high-ranking politicians to achieve influence; and thirdly, bribery between private companies.
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Posted by
Farzana Nawaz
at
Nov 24, 2011 12:40 PM
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Categories:
Global, Empirical Data Analysis, Qualitative Analysis, Private Sector (General), Health, Construction, Defence, Extractives, Real Estate, Financial Markets, Forestry, Energy
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2011 Ibrahim Index of African Governance
the Ibrahim Index is the most comprehensive collection of quantitative data that provides an annual assessment of governance performance in every African country. It compiles 86 indicators grouped into 14 sub-categories and four overarching categories to measure the effective delivery of public goods and services to African citizens. Topics covered by the index include: Rule of law, accountability, personal safety, participation, gender, human rights, public management, infrastructure, education and health.
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Posted by
Farzana Nawaz
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Nov 08, 2011 03:42 PM
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Categories:
Civil Society, Elections, Environment, Gender, Human Rights, Judiciary, Organised Crime, Political Corruption, Public Financial Management, Security, Service Delivery, Africa, Middle East and North Africa, Anti-Corruption Institutions, Anti-Corruption Laws, Empirical Data Analysis, Qualitative Analysis, Private Sector (General), Education, Health, Construction
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Fighting Corruption in Developing Countries: What can donors do? (Sciences Po)
Developed by Bathylle Missika at Sciences Po, this course provides an overview of the fight against corruption in developing countries, mainly from the perspective of bilateral and multilateral donors’ efforts. The discussions are framed within the broader context of governance efforts in developing countries. The course looks into the many aspects of corruption (administrative vs. political corruption), the actors involved (UN, OECD, Transparency International, etc.), their strategies and tools to address this issue through Official Development Assistance (ODA). It also looks at the politics of the anti-corruption “business”.
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Posted by
Farzana Nawaz
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Jan 25, 2011 03:50 PM
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Categories:
Civil Society, Developement Assistance, Political Corruption, Poverty, Anti-Corruption Institutions, Anti-Corruption Laws, Asset Recovery, Conventions, Empirical Data Analysis, Qualitative Analysis, Comparative Analysis
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Political Economy of Corruption and Good Governance (Lafollette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison)
The focus of this seminar is on the question: What are the prospects for success in anti-corruption reform and prescriptions, if any, for hurrying good governance along? The seminar has a strong policy orientation: it considers the state of cumulative knowledge on corruption as a policy issue that demands action both within countries and globally by a wide range of players.
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Preventing Corruption in Health Programs (Boston University, School of Public Health)
This course is designed to provide students with skills for assessing vulnerabilities to corruption in the health sector. It aims to build the confidence, knowledge and skills needed to become an effective advocate for anti-corruption strategies and health system reforms that promote accountability and transparency.
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Posted by
Farzana Nawaz
at
May 31, 2010 01:50 PM
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Categories:
Human Rights, Political Corruption, Global, Africa, Latin America and the Carribbeans, Asia Pacific, Access to Information, Anti-Corruption Institutions, Anti-Corruption Laws, Qualitative Analysis, Health
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Call for Papers
New Modes of Corruption Control: A Role for the Private Sector
May 14, 2012 03:24 PM
This special issue of Crime, Law and Social Change invites contributors to examine theoretically and empirically the various aspects of changes in corruption control ...
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Call for Papers
Citizens and Markets - Open Data, Open Government and Public Procurement
May 02, 2012 08:50 PM
As part of its global initiative "Citizens and Markets", Transparencia Mexicana, the Mexican national chapter of Transparency International, has announced a call for ...
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Job Posting
Junior Anti-Corruption Analyst
Apr 17, 2012 11:21 AM
We are looking for a person with excellent analytical and organisational skills to carry out high priority, high visibility work in the field of anti-corruption. S/he ...
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Job Posting
Research Director - Edmond J. Safra Research Lab
Jan 23, 2012 02:40 PM
Working closely with the Center's Director, Lawrence Lessig, the Research Director will coordinate the work of the Edmond J. Safra Research Lab (the Lab) by identifying ...
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Call for Papers
Ethical Finance and Governance within the European Union Context
Jan 16, 2012 04:47 PM
The First International Workshop on "Ethical Finance & Governance” will take place in December, 16 in Paris. This workshop aims to consider the development of financial ...
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