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Corruption in Developing Countries
The past 10-15 years have seen an increase in anticorruption initiatives that are based on the belief that corruption may be reduced if proper incentives are implemented and focused towards politicians, bureaucrats, and civil society. These initiatives include, but are not limited to, the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, the UN convention against corruption, strengthening World Bank Group engagement on governance and anti-corruption, and increased enforcement of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. In this article, Olken and Pande compare the findings of different studies in order to evaluate the validity of this belief. This includes a comparison of corruption measurement tools, efficiency costs, and ideas to curb corruption.
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China’s ‘Institutional Turn’ Towards Integrity Management
This article focuses on the gradual ‘turn’ of China’s old campaign-style anti-corruption strategy towards a more institutionalised management of integrity. The Chinese public administration has suffered from years of rampant and accelerating corruption amid the frequent political campaigns and increasingly severe sanctions against corrupt officials. While admitting that controlling corruption has become more and more challenging due to the growing complexity of corruption modes and techniques, the Chinese government finally acknowledged the lack of effectiveness of the campaign-style anti-corruption enforcement and underlined the importance of corruption prevention through the promotion of government integrity.
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Activating Public Sector Ethics in Transitional Societies
In this paper Stevulak and Brown seek to demonstrate that an integrity-based approach holds the promise of fighting effectively against corruption and recalibrating the relationship between citizens and government in transitional societies. The authors explore compliance-based measures used by the former Soviet Union (FSU) countries when developing ethical public services and the reasons why these measures have shown considerable limitations. As the authors mention, all of the eight FSU countries referenced in their study have continued to witness rampant corruption despite the enforcement of such measures. The inevitable conclusion here is that the potential of the compliance regimes has been reached and that although they are essential in activating ethics, they have proven insufficient. Compliance approaches can enforce certain types of behavior, but they cannot generate the willingness of public servants to do the right thing. This conclusion brings the focus back onto integrity-based approaches and back to the individual.
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Leading with Ethics and Compliance (UC Berkeley)
This executive education course aimed at compliance professionals and executives takes an integrative approach to ethics and compliance programming. In an immersive, action-oriented curriculum, participants will work with a mix of UC Berkeley faculty and industry experts. Through case studies, classroom lecture, and group breakout sessions, faculty and industry experts will deliver strategic and tactical insights that can be applied immediately.
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Multinationals and Corruption (The Hague University)
Developed by Professor Abiola Makinwa at the Hague Law School, this course introduces students to the international regulatory framework on corruption as it relates to multinational corporations (MNC’s). Anti-corruption strategy has moved to the center stage of corporate planning and strategy as links between corruption, poverty, crime, and the lack of sustainable development have led to a worldwide consensus criminalising bribery in international transactions. This has resulted in a regulatory climate where MNC’s have to ensure that company activities are in line with minimum standards of compliance.
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Corruption: Global Perspectives (Rutgers University)
With the World Bank estimating that globally about $1 trillion per year is paid in bribes, and that this illegality leads to poor economic performance and human rights violations, this course examines the phenomenon of corruption, identifies the contexts within which it flourishes, explores means of measuring it, and analyses the opportunity structure for corruption. The course also focuses on corruption control, and co-operative arrangements which aim to prevent and contain corruption.
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